Word Study
مقال صحفي
article : جزء الكتابة
A piece of writing in a newspaper. جريدة
مقترض
borrower : شخص يقترض
A person who borrowsmoney .
يمكّن
enable ; يجعل شخص قادر على
Make someone able to do something عمل شيء
ضخم / هائل
enormous :
Huge ; very big .
صداقة
friendship ; شعور
The feeling between friends . أصدقاء
منجم
mine ; مكان تحت الأرض حيث
A place under the ground where we get coal . فحم
العالم الثالث
Third World ; النامية
All the developing countries. كل الدول النامية
needy : Poor محتاج – فقير
Verbs
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a mine منجم a borrower مقترضa dozen درزنa loan قرضa labourer عاملlent أقرضpiped في مواسير | enabled مكّنconstructed شيدrepaid يعيد دفعenormous ضخمfortunately لحسن الحظfinancial مالي / ماديbeneath أسفل | needy محتاجrubber مطاطaid مساعدة / معونةstandard of livingمستــــــــوى المعيشةfriendship الصداقةalms الزكاة |
قرض
1-I wanted to buy a new car but I didn't have enough money . So, I had to get a loan from the bank .
منشفة درزن
2-Mrs. Smith bought a dozen new towels for the bathroom .
فضة منجم
3-There is a mine near Buraidah which is full of silver
عامل يحفر
4-They paid a labourer to dig a new water well .
كتب مستعير
5-I am often a borrower of books from the library .
يقود يمكن من
6-The bridge between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia has enabled people to drive between the two countries .
سد شيدت
7-The Saudi government has constructeda large dam near Abha .
يعيد دفع المال
8-He borrowed money from the bank last year but he has repaid it already . the bank had got it all back .
المال أقرض
9-Khaled's uncle has lent him the money to build a new house .
آبار ضخ في مواسير
10-The irrigation projects has piped water from the wells to the fields .
الثاني أسفل
The first floor of a building is always beneaththe second floor .
محتاجون الطعام
He was a good man . He always gave food to needyfamilies .
ضخم ضخم
The new airport at Riyadh is enormous . It covers a huge area .
خرج لسوء الحظ
I had fortunately just got out of my car when the truck hit it .
مالية بنك
He asked his bank manager for some financial advice .
معونة فقيرة
The poor country does not have enough money . It needs aid from richer countries .
منخفض مستوى المعيشة
The standard of living in many Third World countries is low .
الصداقة رمز
The bridge between Saudi Arabia and Bahrain is a symbol of their friendship .
ركن الزكاة
Giving alms to the poor is the third pillar of Islam .
المطاط إطارات
The tyres on a car are made of rubber
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Questions and answers
What is Arab Aid ? ما هي المعونات العربية
كل أنحاء العالم الدول المحتاجة تُعطَى مالية
It is a financial help given to needy countries all over the world .
Who is Arab Aid given by ? من الذي يمنح المساعدات العربية
Arab Aid is given by wealthy Gulf countries دول الخليج الغنية
How is Arab Aid used ? كيف تستخدم المعونات العربية
It is used to help poorer countries develop themselves . لتطوير نفسها
What is Arab Aid used in ? فيم تستخدم المعونات العربية
بيوت فنادق مستشفيات سدود جسور مباني تستخدم في
Arab Aid is used in building bridges , dams hospitals,hotels homes .It is also used in
قنوات الري المصانع المناجم الطرق بناء
building roads , mines , factories and irrigation canals .
Why is Arab Aid given ? لماذا تُمنح المعونات العربية
ديني أيضا كل أنحاء العالم لتكوين أصدقاء المعونة العربية
Arab Aid is given to make friends all over the world . it is also given as a religious duty . واجب
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Arab Aid
في كل أنحاء العالم دول فقيرة مادة
Arab Aid is a financial help given to needy countries all over the world . It is
سدود كباري بناء دول الخليج الغنية
given by wealthy Gulf countries . Arab Aid is used in building bridges , dams
مصانع مناجم طرق منازل فنادق مستشفيات
hospitals, hotels homes .It is also used in building roads , mines , factories and
لتكوين قنوات الري
irrigation canals . Arab Aid is given to make friends all over the world . it is also
واجب ديني
given as a religious duty .
The present perfect tense
Formation :
Have - has + P.P. 
I He 
We She has 
You have It They singular
plural
Meaning :
To express an action began in the past and finished .
Past now future I have packed my suites .
He has written the letter .
My friends have already prepared lunch .
منذ وقت قصير انتهى الماضي بدأ حدث
2-To express an action began in the past and finished a very short time ago .
Past now future I have just eaten my lunch .
He has just arrived home .
Key words :
already بالطبع - just توا - yet حتى الآن - lately مؤخرا – recently حديثا
since منذ -for لمدة – ever – never مطلقا
1- alreadyتأتي في الوسط بين have written أو في نهاية الجملة
They have already painted the room .
They have painted the room already .
2- just
 |
تأتي في الوسط بين have written
He has just gone out .
We have just written homework.
She has just cooked the food .
3-recently/ lately
تأتي في نهاية الجملة
He has made many kites recently .
We have visited Samy recently .
4-yet
تأتي في نهاية الجملة الخبرية المنفية
I haven’t studied the lesson yet .
We haven’t seen the new car yet
5-ever &never
تستخدم ever في السؤال قبل past participle Have you ever been to London ?
وللإجابة المنفية نحذف ever ونضع never بدلا منها No, I have never been to London .
6- since
إذا جاءت كحرف جر دال على الزمان تأتي في نهاية الجملة و قبلها بداية وقت حدوث الفعل :
السنة الشهر الأسبوع اليوم جزء اليوم
Part of a day - day - week - month - year
I have not seen him since 2000 .
He has gone out since the early morning .
They have started building since last month.
أما إذا جاءت كرابط بين جملتين :
Since past simple present perfect Since hetravelled , he has sent three letters .
Since he started work , he has drawn two walls .
present perfect Since past simple hehas sent three letters Since he traveled .
he has drawn two walls Since he started work..
we have studied five lessons since we began studying .
الفرق بين since –for
منذ Since + time ( 2:00 – yesterday – last week – Rajab – October – 1420 )
لمدة For + period of time ( 2 + hours – days - weeks – months – years )
B- choose : since or for :
1- He has been studying Physics ……………. Three month .
2-She has been a nurse …………………. 1980 .
3- Mr. Al-Badr has been building roads ………………twenty years .
4- I have been working here ………………….last year .
5- Ali has been making model airplanes ………………..November .
6- They have been touring Egypt ………………………two weeks .
7- You have not used this passport …………………. April 30, 1987 .
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