Ramadan
                                                           صوم         التقويم     الإسلامي     
          Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar .Fasting of Ramadan is the
الصوم         غروب الشمس      الفجر                  يصوم                                بالغ                                 ركن
fourth pillar of Islam . All adult Muslims  must fast between dawn and sunset .Fasting
                                 غير مسموح                          
means they are not allowed to eat or drink between dawn and sunset. Fasting
     يتذكر                                                       السيطرة على النفس         بزيادة                                   يقوي                 
strengthens a Muslim by increasing  his self control  . It helps a Muslim to remember
طاعته                                  
Allah and His obedience to Him .Young children , very old people , some women and
يغير           يفضل أن                                                                             معفى من                 على سفر
people on journeys are excused from fasting .In Ramadan,  Muslims  prefer to change
               في نهاية                                                                     الواجبات   الإسلامية        يركز على    
working hours .to focus on the Islamic duties of the Holy month . At the end of
Ramadan Muslims celebrate Eid Al-Fitr when they enjoy themselves with friends and relatives . أقارب
Vocabulary Exercises
1-Fasting of Ramadan is the ……………..  pillar of Islam .
a- second                   b-third                 c- fourth              d- fifth
2- ………………..  means giving a percentage of your savings to the poor .
a- fasting                 b-pilgrimage          c-Zakah             d- praying
3- Ramadan is the ……………. Month of the Islamic calendar .
a-seventh               b- eighth                  c- ninth               d- tenth
4- In Ramadan , Muslims fast during ……………… hours .
a-daylight             b- night                     c-noon                d-morning 
5- fasting ……………. Muslim’s self control .
a- decreases         b- increases               c- reduces           d-  limits
6-  In Ramadan , Muslims start  their fasting at ……………   .
a- noon                b- sunset                    c- sunrise            d- dawn
7-  In Ramadan , Muslims break their fasting at ……………   .
a- noon                b- sunset                    c- sunrise            d- dawn
8- Muslims expect Lailatul- Qadr at the  ……………. of Ramadan . 
a-the last ten days    b- beginning        b- middle                  c- end 
Word Study Exercises
cannon  مدفع                                               
celebration  احتفال                                       
equal     مساو                                               
fast  الصوم / يصوم                                             
income  دخل                                               
nurse    ترضع / ممرضة                                    
reveal                                   يكشف عن / ينزل
set                                           الغروب / يغرب
sleepy                                                ناعس
thread                                                  خيط
A ,An, The
A/ An :-
تستخدم a   قبل الاسم المفرد النكرة المسبوق بحرف ساكن   a book a  desk  -    a  student    
تستخدم an  قبل  الاسم المفرد النكرة المبدوء بحرف متحرك     an egg   an orange an arm 
2- تستخدما قبل الصفة التي  يتبعها الموصوف a tall man / an expensive car/ a new book      
3- تستخدما عند تصنيف الناس حسب  جنسياتهم  و أعمالهم
He is an American engineer / she is a teacher .
4- قبل أسماء بعض الأمراض  :-a cold / a headache                                                            
5- مع التعبيرات الخاصة بالأرقام  :-
A dozen دستة                  a couple of ..زوج من                a score  عشرون  
A hundred مائة               a thousand ألف                       a million مليون  
6- تستخدم بمعنى  ( كل ) each  three pounds a kilo / twice a week                                 
The( definite article)
1-تستخدم the  قبل الاسم الوحيد  من نوعه :
the sun   - the earth – the  moon –

4-قبل أسماء البحار و الأنهار و المحيطات و الأسماء القصيرة لبعض الدول و الجبال و المرتفعات 

the River Nile – the Red Sea – the Pacific – the Atlantic ocean  The Himalayas-
The  Alps – the Rocky - The Sudan  

5- قبل الأسماء الكاملة للدول والجمهوريات و الممالك :

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia – the United Kingdom – The United States –

The Arab Republic of Egypt – The united Arab Emirates
6-قبل أسماء أماكن اللهو  الترفيه :

The cinema   - the theatre  - the circus

7- قبل صفات الدرجة الثالثة ( المفاضلة )  و جمل المقارنة

The tallest -The most beautiful

The more you eat , the fatter you become .




Grammar Exercises
A- Choose the correct answer from a. h. c or d:
1-My friend lives in .........old house in a small village.
a- a            b- an           c- the             d- no article
2-There is ..... beautiful garden behind my house.
a- a            b- an           c- the        d- no article
3-She took a sandwich and a piece of cake, but didn't eat ......cake.
a- a            b- an           c- the        d- no article
4-My brother has just got...... job in a bank in Cairo.
a- a            b- an           c- the        d- no article
5-We went to ............ restaurant  in Jeddah yesterday.
a- a            b- an           c- the        d- no article
6-Have you been to .......... USA ?
a-a          b-an           c-the        d-no article
 7-I'd like......dozen eggs and a loaf, please.
a- a          b- an               c-the            d- no article
8-My brother is ......... engineer.
a- a          b- an          c- the                    d- no article

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