بحث عن المنطقة الشرقية السعودية بالانجليزي

انشاء عبارات سهل بسيط قطعة معلومات عامة شاملة بسيطة مبسط نبذة عن الاقتصاد السكان جمل عن بلادي كلمة رحلة مقال جمهورية دولة حول  تكاليف المعيشه السياحة للطلاب عرض للصف السادس للصف الاول للصف الثاني للصف الثالث للصف الرابع للصف الخامس للصف السادس للصف السابع للصف الثامن للصف التاسع للصف العاشر  ابتدائي جمل  سهل وقصير معالم  موقع  تقرير عن تراث بالانجليزي ابي موضوع  ابراج خمس جمل قديما  أبرز المناطق السياحية مختصر حول الحياة والعادات والتقاليد فى  لمحة تعريفية بالانجلش تلخيص قصير كلمة تحدث  تقرير انجليزي عن اي دوله مقدمة خاتمة  information about   paragraph  presentation  location  my country كم عدد سكان  مدن  الوجهات العرب المسافرون نقاط الاهتمام مساحة تحدث جغرافية جغرافيا  عبارات شعر قصيدة مؤثر كلام قصير مترجم بالعربي  شكل عام موضوع مؤثر اللغات الرسمية ديانة  اسماء مدن  المناطق الريفيه الشعب الجنس رئيس لغتها الرسمية قوانين موقع  الوطن عادات وتقاليد بحث علمي معلومات موضوع بحث عن محافظة الدمام الخبر بالانجليزي المملكة العربية السعودية 

تعبير تقرير برجراف فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص جاهز باللغة الانجليزية  

Presentation of the Eastern Province

In 2016, the eastern province has about 4.6 million inhabitants, or 15% of the Kingdom's population, two-thirds of which are concentrated in the Dammam-Dhahran-Al Khobar conurbation.

Until the discovery of oil deposits, the population, concentrated in the coastal area, lived mainly fishing, pearl oysters and large palm groves (Qatif and Hofuf).

The region is the first in the country by its energy resources and industry, driven by petrochemicals, chemicals and metallurgy.

The large Saudi private groups in the eastern province are often from former Saudi Aramco who benefited from training and Anglo-Saxon standards.

These groups, which sometimes form conglomerates of about ten branches, are now active in the Gulf, the Middle East and Asia.

The local development of the mining company Ma'aden, should participate in strengthening the industrial leadership of the region.

EMBASSY OF FRANCE IN SAUDI ARABIA

ECONOMIC SERVICE

General File Province Orientale

Saudi Arabia

First industrial region of the Kingdom

The eastern province counts

2016 nearly 4.6 million

inhabitants, ie 15% of the

population of the Kingdom, and

two-thirds are concentrated

in the Dammam conurbation -

Dhahran - Al Khobar.

Until the discovery of

oil fields, the

population, concentrated on

coastal area, lived

mainly fishing,

pearl oysters and large

palm groves (Qatif and Hofuf).

The region is the first of

country by its resources

energy and industry,

driven by petrochemicals, the

chemistry and metallurgy.

Large private groups

Saudi of East Province

are often from ex-Aramco

Saudis who benefited from the

training and standards

Anglo-Saxon.

These groups, which sometimes form

conglomerates of about ten

branches are today

active in the Gulf, Middle East

and in Asia

Local development of the

mining company Ma'aden,

should participate in strengthening the

industrial leadership of the

region.

Other data from the province

Eastern:

Governor: Prince Saud bin

Nayef (nephew of the current king)

Located along the Arabian Gulf, the eastern province extends from Kuwait to

Oman and has common borders with the United Arab Emirates, the

Qatar and Bahrain. This vast territory of 778 500 km² represents more than a third

of the country's surface, and can be broken down into two parts: the region

where the population and industry are concentrated, and the Rub al Khali - "the

"empty quarter" - considered as the largest sand desert in the world.

The Province is best known as the first region of the country by its

energy resources, oil and gas. The first oil deposits have

was discovered in 1933 in the Dhahran area by the company

American Standard Oil of California. This deposit of Ghawar has revealed itself

later to be the largest in the world. Its exploitation and that of the fields

neighbors gave rise, in 1944, to the creation of the company ARAMCO,

became the current SAUDI ARAMCO after nationalization in 1988. The

Rub al Khali region also has hydrocarbon reserves, of which

the exploration was entrusted to Western majors (Exxon, Shell, Total)

in the decade of 2000. Few concessions have proved to be exploitable, the

desert concentrates the majority of the country's gas reservoirs.

Eastern Province also hosts the biggest activity

Arabia and the Arabian Gulf. Its development was

accelerated under a double impulse:

The petrochemical industry emerged from 1975 with the creation of

the industrial zone of Jubail about a hundred kilometers north of

Dammam, entrusted to a royal commission (RCJY), then of SABIC (Saudi

Basic Industries Corp.), a public company focused on the transformation of

hydrocarbons. basic and intermediate chemicals, as well as

products of the iron and steel industry.

A real private sector appeared in parallel with public groups

since the 1950s, carried by a generation of businessmen

Saudi Arabian workers most often worked at ARAMCO and acquired

in contact with the American engineers of the oil company a culture

industrial and commercial. Thanks to this training, families

traders have created their own service company to serve and

supply the oil company. Some of these Saudi founders

are now among the richest men in the world ...

Let's add the recent emergence of a 3

the engine of industrial growth,

with the development and diversification of the national mining operator

Ma'aden. It underlines the Saudi desire to value the production of

minerals and precious metals to make this sector a new engine

of the country's economy in a context of declining oil prices since

summer 2014. Indeed, the Kingdom has considerable resources

estimated at 20 MT of gold or precious metals and 60 MT of copper. A potential

proved exists for the exploitation of bauxite and zinc. The first

- 2 -

Religion: Sunni Islam in

majority ; but the coastal region

also houses the main

Shia communities of the country

(10% of the population

Saudi).

country's integrated megaproject in this sector, named Ras El Kheir, is located in

200 km north of Al Khobar, and includes a port dedicated to the export of

minerals. Processing activities (ammonia, phosphates) are

also developed.

To the industrial enterprises, which form the economic heart of the

province. it is appropriate to add the companies of the various activities of

services, including geophysical research, oil and gas

petrochemical, computer. It is in the services that the region counts the

more expatriates with "high added value".

French presence

There are 840 French in the

Eastern Province, including 140 in Jubail, the

remains in Khobar, Dhahran,

Dammam and some exteriors.

(figures 2017)

French companies whose

the head office is based in

Eastern Province are:

TECHNIP

TOTAL

CGG-VERITAS

SAINT GOBAIN - BRIDGE A

VINCI ENERGY

ALCATEL

VALLOUREC

Rhodia / Solvay

CIS

Saur

About one hundred French companies are active in the East province. The

most of them have their main representation in Riyadh or Jeddah.

Assets are logically concentrated in the energy and

the petrochemical industry with Total, CGG Véritas, Technip, Vallourec, but

also in the desalination of seawater including Jubail with Saur.

Several missions were organized by Riyadh post through Business

France and the Economic Service in particular a ministerial visit in 2015,

business meetings with Saudi Aramco in November 2014, with

Ma'aden in April 2014.

The province is a reflection of the policy of the Saudi authorities to

diversify the industrial fabric in order to solve the problem of unemployment of the

Saudi youth. Initiatives for setting up poles

of technological excellence are of interest to French companies. These

"Techno-valleys" already have the presence of Veolia and other groups

hexagonals study the possibility of integrating them.

Moreover, in the perspective of the development in Saudi of the energies

renewable and cleantech (carbon capture, smart urban management),

French leaders in these sectors intend to develop partnerships

with local businesses and public institutions (Royal Commission

for Jubail and Yanbu, Aramco and Sabic) to seize opportunities

proposed by the latter and the Saudi authorities.

- 3 -

1 www.saudiaramco.com

SAUDI ARAMCO:

By 2030, Saudi Aramco has

announced the increase of its

gas production to move to

23 Mdp3

/ d, a doubling of

abilities accordingly by

compared to 12 Mdp3

/ j in 2016.

The kingdom will begin

shale gas production

2020. At first 20

M p3 will be allocated to society

Ma'aden to develop the "

Wa'ad Al Shamal Project ".

The Saudi oil ministry

provides for a production of

shale of 500 million p3 in

2020 and 4 billion p3 on the horizon

2025.

The Saudi oil company occupies the 1

world rank in terms of

oil reserves: it has 25% of known world reserves.

Here are its main features1

:

 Crude oil reserves in 2016: 261 billion barrels

 Natural gas reserves in 2016: 292 trillion p

3

(associated and not associated)

 Crude production in 2016: about 10.2 M barrels / day

 Gas production in 2014: 9.8 trillion Btu / d (ie 9.8 billion p

3

/ j), of which 1.4

trillion Btu / day of ethane gas (ie 1.4 billion p

3

/ Day).

 Production of refined products in 2014: 561 million barrels

 Turnover: not published. The oil company recovers 10%

Saudi oil revenues. According to our estimates, recipes

Kingdom's oil companies amounted to nearly 248 billion in 2014

USD.

 Area of ​​activity: all stages of hydrocarbon production,

from exploration to distribution, geological research,

oil and gas exploitation, refining, storage, transportation (oil and gas pipelines

shipping company), distribution and logistics, as well as research

and environmental protection.

Following the crisis of 2009, Saudi Aramco's strategy turned towards

Asian markets. Faced with the decline in crude prices since the summer

2014, Saudi Arabia chose to pursue a policy of defending its

market shares. Among the countries of the Middle East, Saudi Arabia remains the

first supplier of crude from Asian countries, with the exception of Taiwan and

from Singapore where it has seen its market share shrink. This represents

about 33% of 2016 crude oil imports from Japan, Korea

South and Taiwan, 16% of Chinese imports and 21% of

Indian imports.

The recent American rise in the exploitation of

unconventional hydrocarbons associated with record Russian production,

party responsible for falling barrel prices, and possible self-sufficiency

2020 announced by the IEA puts pressure on

Saudi petrochemists. The historical comparative advantage of good access

hydrocarbon market is in competition with large-scale production

scale and profitable shale gas in the United States. China, first customer

of the petrochemical industry of the Kingdom also intends to develop its

potential in oil and would require Sabic and his sisters to find

new markets for its products.

Baker Hughes Incorporated (BHI) Study Shows Saudi Arabia

Arabia would hold unconventional gas reserves (shale gas)

estimated at 645 trillion p

3

(645 Tp3

), which would place the Kingdom at

fifth in the world after China, the United States, Argentina and

Mexico. The plan launched by Aramco provides for the use of

unconventional gas by 2020. This perspective would

new momentum for the sector for longer visibility in terms

low cost supply.

SABIC - Saudi Basic Industries Corp.

Saudi petrochemicals came into being in 1975 with the creation of the Royal

SABIC currently has

several research centers

particularly in Riyadh, Houston and

Vadodara (India). These centers

employ 2000 scientists,

researchers or technicians. The

search is more

particularly concentrated

in the field of polymers

and basic chemistry.

Commission for Jubail and Yanbu "(RCJY), aimed at providing the country with a

competitive industry. The effort of the Saudi public authorities continued

the following year with the creation of the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

(SABIC) whose object is to transform resources

kingdoms in petrochemicals, resins and plastics,

fertilizers and metals. From 1979 to 1989 fourteen petrochemical subsidiaries of the

SABIC will go into production, creating the basics of petrochemicals

Saudi.

SABIC no longer holds the monopoly on the sector, and coexists

now with a vibrant private sector and the Saudi government

invites investors to take an interest in the petrochemical sector. This call to

investors seems to have been heard abroad, in particular by the

Chevron company behind the first petrochemical project

completely private in Saudi Arabia, and by several new companies

associating different groups from Saudi Arabia or from the Gulf.

Saudi petrochemical companies have an advantage

major comparative: the price of raw materials. With its considerable

reserves of crude oil (261 billion barrels) and natural gas (292 TCF), the

The Saudi government (via Saudi Aramco) managed to concede

Saudi petrochemical companies a selling price of 0.75 USD per

million BTU, compared to a global standard (spot market price)

currently around 5 USD. This grant is to be

gradually attenuated

The support of the Government of Saudi Arabia is not limited to the subsidy of

price of natural gas, water and electricity for the actors of the

petrochemicals but also includes a set of fiscal measures

attracting foreign and local investment. For example,

example, the strong presence of Exxon Mobil, Chevron Philips, Total, or

SINOPEC, whose investments in the sector have contributed to

Saudi Arabia is the largest petrochemical producer in the Middle East.

- 2014 production: 69.7 million tons

- Capital controlled 70% by the State and 30% by private shareholders

Saudi or Gulf Cooperation Council countries

- 2014 revenue: USD 50.2 billion

- Net profits 2014: 6.2 billion USD

- SABIC is in the top 10 global petrochemical groups, 4

th

global producer

- Number of employees: 40,000 (all subsidiaries combined).

SABIC, after purchasing in 2007 a unit of General Electric Co.

plastics for USD 11.6bn, said in April 2014 to want to develop its

activity in China and the United States given the difficulties in

the company grow in Saudi Arabia due to a shortage of gas.

Sabic has also shown interest in increasing investment in

shale gas projects, particularly in the United States, on the one hand by signing

mid-2015 an agreement with the American company Enterprise Products Partners

L.P for a supply of shale gas, and secondly

getting involved in the construction of a hydraulic fracturing plant so

to take advantage of the American momentum.