تعبير برجراف مقال نبدة سيرة انشاء تقرير موضوع
برزنتيشن فقرة
،بحث كامل نبذة عن
العالم قصة حياة معلومات بالانجليزي
من هو مؤلفات
انجازات فلسفة بحث جاهز باللغة
الانجليزية علماء عرب .. أبرز كتب ومؤلفات
بحث نشأة وحياته علوم العلوم الفلكية علم الأحياء
علم النبات الفلسفة ومترجم موضوع انجليزي
عن عالم مشهور موضوع انجليزي عن العالم معلومات مختصرة موضوع تعبير عن شخص مشهور بالانجليزي
قصير تعبير عن قدوتي معلومة
عن مختصرة
الكتب انجازات وفاة مسيرته حياته علمه تلامذته
محمد بن عبد الله بن محمد
اللواتي الطنجي المعروف بابن بَـطُّوطَة (ولد في 24 فبراير 1304 - 1377م بطنجة)
(703 - 779هـ) هو رحالة ومؤرخ وقاض وفقيه مغربي أمازيغي عربي مسلم لقب بـأمير الرحالين المسلمين مختصرة انجازات رحلات وفاة
قصة ابن بطوطه مختصر تقرير بطوطة يُعتبر الرحّالة المغربي ابن بطوطة من أكثر
الشخصيات صفات وصف ابرز ما اشتهر به ابن بطوطة متى توفي ابن بطوطة لماذا سمي ابن بطوطة
سيرة ابن بطوطة Ibn
Battuta
The story of Ibn Battuta
Abu Abdallah
Mohammed, ibn Abdallah ben Mohammed, ben Ibrahim, ben Yufuf, el Lawati, el
Tandji. Of Berber descent (el Lawati), Ibn Battuta was born in February 1304 in
Tangier. The date and place of his death are not known with certainty; it seems
that his life ended in this city, between 1368 and 1377. Ibn Battuta is the
most famous of Arab travelers, author of a priceless Rilha; he would have
traveled more than 120,000 km in nine trips of varying duration that took him
to almost every country won over to Islam.
2The first trip
is of a traditional nature: in June 1325, Ibn Battuta, aged 21, went on a
pilgrimage to Mecca, crossing the Maghreb and Egypt, but he did not immediately
gain the holy places of Islam and before going to Damascus (November 1326). The
second trip leaves Mecca in September 1326. He visits Iraq, Khuzistan, Fars,
Azerbaijan, stays in several cities: Tabriz, Mosul, Samarra. Back in Baghdad,
he traveled to Arabia where he lived for three years (1327 to 1330) during
which he completed three new pilgrimages.
3The third trip
introduces him to the Red Sea countries, Yemen and Arab trading posts on the
eastern coast of Africa. Returned to Egypt by Oman and the Persian Gulf, he
made a fourth pilgrimage in 1332. A fourth voyage took place under other skies:
Ibn Battuta went to Asia Minor through Egypt and Syria. He then travels to
southern Russia in territories subject to the Mongols of the Golden Horde. He
then visits Constantinople with a Greek princess, wife of Sultan Mohammed
Uzbek. He returns to the countries conquered by the Golden Horde and then goes
to India; after crossing the Transoxane and crossing the mountains of
Afghanistan, he arrived in Delhi (1333). He settles in this city where he is
appointed cadi by Sultan Mohammed Ibn Toglouk. He was to remain nine years in
Delhi, and it seems that his thirst for travel was finally sealed when the same
Sultan charged him with a mission to the Emperor of China.
4Ibn Battûta
visits the Malabar and his boat takes him to the Maldive Islands where he stays
for eighteen months. From there he goes to Bengal and finally arrives at the
Chinese port of Chuan-Chou-Fou. This was his fifth trip. But A. Miquel doubts
that he has reached Beijing.
5The following
trip brings him back to Sumatra, Malabar and the Persian Gulf, from where he
travels for the fifth time on a pilgrimage to Mecca (1347). In May 1349, after
24 years of almost uninterrupted journeys, Ibn Battuta returned to the West.
From Tunis, a Catalan boat transports him to Sardinia, from where he returns
very quickly to the Maghreb; he made his entry in Fez in November 1349. A few
months later, the tireless traveler is in Andalusia and visits Granada before
returning to Morocco.
This return to
the native country is not entirely definitive. In a ninth voyage, he crosses
the Saharan desert; party of Sigilmassa, in the Tafilalet, he wins the
countries of Niger and Timbuktu. In December 1353, he returned to Sigilmassa
then to Tangier.
In the course of
his grueling travels, Ibn Battuta had lost all of his travel notes. Back in
Morocco, he did not feel strong enough to write his rihla. It was at the urging
of Abu Inan, the Merinid Sultan, that Ibn Battuta agreed to dictate the whole
of his travelogue to a scholar, Ibn Djuzayy. This one did not hesitate to
alter, from time to time, the work of the Tangier traveler by plagiarizing the
writings of Ibn Djubayr. Ibn Djuzayy, however, was, on the whole, a faithful
transcriber, and the few descriptions or anecdotes borrowed from Ibn Djubayr,
the taste for exotic detail and the propensity for exaggeration, scarcely
affected the considerable interest of Ibn rihla. Battuta.
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