تعبير برجراف مقال نبذة سيرة انشاء تقرير
موضوع برزنتيشن فقرة
،بحث
كامل نبذة عن العالم قصة حياة معلومات بالانجليزي من هو مؤلفات انجازات فلسفة بحث
جاهز باللغة الانجليزية علماء عرب .. أبرز كتب ومؤلفات The story
بحث نشأة وحياته علوم العلوم
الفلكية علم الأحياء علم النبات الفلسفة ومترجم موضوع انجليزي
عن عالم مشهور موضوع انجليزي عن العالم معلومات مختصرة موضوع تعبير عن شخص
مشهور بالانجليزي قصير تعبير عن قدوتي معلومة عن مختصرة
الكتب انجازات وفاة مسيرته حياته علمه
تلامذته باختصار
عن ابن
الرازي باللغة الانجليزية معلومات عن ابو بكر الرازي بالانجليزي
باختصار الكيمياء abu bakr
al razi achievements
أبو بكر محمد بن يحيى بن زكريا الرازي (ح. 250 هـ/864
م - 5 شعبان 311هـ/19 نوفمبر 923م عالم
وطبيب مسلم من علماء العصر الذهبي للعلوم، وصفته سيغريد هونكه في كتابها شمس الله تسطع
على الغرب "أعظم أطباء الإنسانية على الإطلاق"، حيث ألف كتاب الحاوي في الطب،
الذي كان يضم كل المعارف الطبية منذ أيام الإغريق حتى عام 925م وظل المرجع الطبي الرئيسي
في أوروبا لمدة 400 عام بعد ذلك التاريخ
درس الرياضيات والطب والفلسفة والفلك والكيمياء
والمنطق والأدب .
Mohammed Ibn Zakaria al-Razi,
Abu-Bakr, known among the Latins as Rhazes, was born around 865, in Rayy, south
of what is now Teheran in Persia.
Nothing is known about the course
of his studies. He practiced music, which was his main focus in the early years
of his life (he was a lute player). He studied philosophy and alchemy,
mathematics, astrology, he was also interested in goldsmithery, currency,
occult sciences.
According to Abu Rayhan Birouni
he suffered from an eye disease caused by vapors from his alchemy experiments, but
later Rhazes himself said that his sight had been affected by prolonged
readings.
He was in his thirties when he
began studying medicine at Rayy with Is'haq Ibn Hunain, a master in Greek,
Persian and Indian medicine. It would have been indirectly (by their writings)
the student of Ali ibn Rabban Tabari (died around 870), as well as Abdus ibn
Zayd (died in 900), completing his education in readings and experimentation.
Then he continued to study medicine in Baghdad, under Caliph Al Moktafi
(901-907), and traveled to Syria, Egypt and Spain.
Rhazes first became the court
doctor of Prince Abu Saleh Al-Mansur, ruler of Khorosan. Returning to Rayy, he
took some time running the local hospital before returning to Baghdad to take
over the Bimaristan Central Hospital. But he made sure never to be in the
service of a person so much he wanted deeply to devote himself to science.
As Chief Medical Officer of the
Baghdad Hospital, he organized the first Arab hospital facility in Baghdad,
where he taught well and served with his students and assistants. The students
asked questions, the answers were first made by the youngest, then the most
experienced, finally Rhazes took charge of the synthesis. Outpatient
consultations were organized as well as home care, the needy received medical
assistance.
He introduced the clinical method
in the Medical Art in the care he took in the careful interrogation of the
patients, the importance he attached to the symptomatology, the diagnostic and
therapeutic deductions that ensued.
Rhazes practiced many medical
specialties: surgery, gynecology, obstetrics, ophthalmology surgery and even
stomatology.
If he is Persian by birth and
mother tongue, he is Arabic by the language he uses and culture.
Razes was also a philosopher, he
knew Plato and partly rejected the views of Aristotle. Razes died in 925 in
Rayy where he was born.
Scientific contributions from
Rhazes
Al-Razi's contributions to
medicine are many and varied.
So he pointed to the three
aspects of medicine:
- public health,
- preventive medicine, and
- the treatment of specific diseases.
He listed seven principles to
ensure the preservation of health:
1- Moderation and balance when the body is in motion and when it is
at rest.
2- Moderation by eating and drinking.
3- elimination of overabundance.
4- Improvement and regulation of habitats.
5- avoid harmful excesses before they become uncontrollable.
6- Maintain harmony between ambitions and resolutions.
7- To force oneself to acquire good
habits especially concerning the practice of the physical exercise.
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