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  فقرة  برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص   جاهز باللغة الانجليزية  انشاء

ـ موضوع انجليزي عن ابدا قصير كيفية كتابة موضوع تعبير باللغة الانجليزية توجيهي قواعد كتابة تعبير بالانجليزي طريقة سهلة لكتابة تعبير بالانجليزي موضوع تعبير انجليزي يصلح لكل المواضيع كتابة تعبير بالانجليزي عن نفسك وصف تعبير انجليزي يصلح لكل المواضيع موضوع انشاء شامل لكل المواضيع موضوع يصلح لجميع المواضيع موضوع تعبير انجليزي جاهز برجراف ينفع لاى موضوع تعبير

التضامن بالانجليزي

شريك متضامن english

انواع الشركات بالانجليزية

تعبير عن التعاون قصير بالانجليزي

جمل عن التعاون بالانجليزي

مقال عن التعاون بالانجليزي

موضوع تعبير عن العمل الجماعى بالانجليزى

موضوع عن التعاون بالانجليزي مترجم

معنى التضامن في القانون

 التضامن والتكافل بالانجليزي مفهوم التكافل

معنى التكافل الاجتماعي

Solidarity

   Solidarity is one of those terms that immediately appear as values, and seem to be capable of generating approval only: few would dare provocatively claim to be against solidarity. Are we certain, however, that we all share the same ideas?

   The etymology of the term is illuminating here. Solidarity has the same origin as solidity: what makes the solidity of a concrete block is that all its elements are "solidary", in other words, interdependent; which affects one more or less directly affects all others. Legally, for example, there is talk of solidarity between the spouses: thus, if one contracts a debt, the other is, whether he wants it or not, solidarity.

   In the modern sense, solidarity, which is sometimes confused with generosity or charity, can be distinguished by these two first meanings: solidarity implies an initial link that does not exist in generosity. More precisely, we are in solidarity with those whose interests we share at the outset (or as we shall see later, rights): this is the case with "professional solidarity" (through the unions for example) or with "National solidarity" (through pay-as-you-go pensions or social security). Defending a comrade's rights in a union setting also means defending one's own rights, since they are the same. To contribute to the social security for the sick when one is well, it is "to make sure" that one will benefit from the same contributions when one will be sick. On the contrary, generosity or charity is exercised with regard to those with whom we have no particular link: we are generous or charitable towards those whose rights and interests we do not share. This difference explains why there is in theory no interest in being generous or charitable, while it may be in our interest to be in solidarity. This distinction seems to place solidarity below generosity or charity on the moral plane, the latter being disinterested. One could, however, as some suspicious philosophers have done, see in this apparent disinterestedness a more or less conscious hypocrisy: is it not to give oneself a good conscience, or to be able to hope for paradise, that some show charity or generosity? Are they so selfless as that? He who shows solidarity, on the contrary, by clearly "assuming" the interest he finds there, would be just as "useful" as the generous, and less hypocritical. There is another advantage of solidarity, no doubt greater. Based on a community of interests, it has a certain solidity, as we have said, and therefore a reliability that is far from having generosity and charity, which are unpredictable and fluctuating. But life in society can not rest on such fragile foundations as are those of generosity and charity. By appealing, to a certain extent, to the collective interest, solidarity ensures its constancy and durability.

   But today there are new forms of solidarity no longer based on common interests, but on rights considered common, although these rights are not recognized by law; and it is precisely for this reason that this solidarity may constitute an offense, such as solidarity with foreigners in an irregular situation. So-called "crimes of solidarity" consist in helping people without rights that we own. It is no longer a question here of defending an already existing collective interest, but of trying to create one that does not yet exist. Why then is it solidarity and not charity or generosity? Because it is not in the name of "love of neighbor" that one acts in this case, but in the name of links themselves based on a certain idea of ​​justice. This is indeed the foundation of solidarity.