بحث عن التلوث الهوائي باللغة الانجليزية

موضوع انجليزي عن الماء للصف الثامن فقرة  برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص جاهز باللغة الانجليزية  انشاء موضوع انجليزي عن ابدا قصير كيفية كتابة موضوع تعبير باللغة الانجليزية توجيهي قواعد كتابة تعبير  بالانجليزي طريقة سهلة لكتابة تعبير بالانجليزي موضوع تعبير انجليزي يصلح لكل المواضيع كتابة تعبير بالانجليزي عن نفسك وصف تعبير انجليزي يصلح لكل المواضيع موضوع انشاء شامل لكل المواضيع موضوع يصلح لجميع المواضيع موضوع تعبير انجليزي جاهز برجراف ينفع لاى موضوع  موضوع انجليزي عن الماء قصير وسهل فوائد بالانجليزي عبارات  بالانجليزي طويل اهمية مترجم ثالث ثانوي اول ثاني ثانوي متوسط خمس سبع ثمان تسع اربع جمل كلمات كلام مقال علمي مقدمة بحث انجليزي عن تلوث الماء قصير حلول تلوث المياه بالانجليزي تعبير عن تلوث الهواء بالانجليزي قصير تلوث الهواء بالانجليزي مترجم اسباب تلوث المياه بالانجليزي حل مشكلة التلوث بالانجليزي  التلوث بالانجليزي تعبير عن تلوث بالانجليزي قصير paragraph about pollution 100 words اسباب تلوث الهواء بالانجليزي اسباب التلوث بالانجليزي موضوع عن تلوث الهواء بالانجليزي قصير تعبير عن تلوث الماء بالانجليزي قصير  paragraph عن التلوث  pollution paragraph

Causes of air pollution

The main causes of air pollution are related to the ignition of fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas). The combustion of these raw materials occurs mainly during or in the operation of the industrial and land transport sectors. In the industrial sector, it is necessary to differentiate between factories (for example, cement or steel) and power plants (which produce half of the electricity consumed in our country).

The division of responsibilities in air pollution between the industrial sector and land transport is clearly imbalanced towards transport. About 80% of air pollution in Spain is due to road traffic.

Modern societies have organized themselves in transport, as in other aspects, and against all the basic principles of Nature. As humanity has become surrounded by technologies, the means of transport have acquired a more mechanical character, trying to satisfy two basic tendencies, independently of the problems they may cause: on the one hand, increase of the speed and secondly allow a relative independence of the users. This surge in transportation technology has resulted in greater convenience and efficiency in service, but on the other hand, it is causing an intolerable increase in the environmental and social impacts associated with this activity, between other air pollution.

In Spain, transport uses almost 40% of the total energy consumed (the EU average is 30%), this figure increases to 50% if we consider the productive cycle of transport in its entirety. Taking into account the complete transport cycle, not only is the fuel used by vehicles to move (the energy cost offered by official statistics), but also the energy consumed in the manufacture of the vehicle, the construction road infrastructure, its maintenance and, ultimately, the destruction of the vehicle.

The road is today a means of transport and continues to gain ground against the railways, as long as it is necessary to attribute to the unbridled increase of the transport the development of the road transport. Road transport represents 90% of the various means of transport, compared to the train which remains at a small 5%. In road transport, the private car consumes half of the energy resources, while public transport only consumes 3%. The average occupancy index of private vehicles is 1.2 persons per car. In the city, half of the trips made by car are for distances less than 3 kilometers, and about 10% for trips of less than 500 meters.

The same thing happens with passenger traffic, but also with goods, which are mainly transported by road: on average 70% of the total transport in the EU countries, which goes up to 90% in Spain, which means that the train has gradually lost importance, abandoning lines and services, to represent today only 4.2% of this traffic. This rail decline coincided with a large increase in freight transport, which was multiplied by 3 as a consequence of the enlargement of the EU (with the entry of Spain and Portugal, among others) which causes serious bottlenecks in major European cities, congestion already occurring 100km from major cities.