salaheddin
(1137 - 1193) A hero for the Arabs
On
March 4, 1193, Sultan Saladin died in Damascus at the age of 55. This is the
beginning of a legend that will flourish in the twentieth century, thanks to
the Arab renaissance.
The
army of Saladin (miniature of the 14th century)
Conqueror's
Prestige
A
warrior from Kurdistan, Saladin helped his uncle Shirkuh seize power in Egypt.
At 32, he succeeds as vizier.
After
reuniting Egypt and Syria, the two main parts of the Arab-Muslim world, this
empire builder, moreover a good Muslim, turns his blows against the Franks
settled in Palestine for two generations, almost a century .
He
raises the mystique of jihad (holy war against the unfaithful), long fallen
into disuse, and wins a decisive victory over the Christians at Hattin in 1187.
This victory makes us forget the defeat suffered by the same Saladin in
Montgiscard two years earlier. It allows Muslims to reconquer Jerusalem nearly
a century after its annexation by the Crusaders (1099).
The
Frankish chroniclers report with emotion that, when Acre is taken, Saladin buys
from his own money the infant of a young Frankish prisoner to reunite him with
his mother.
But
the sultan also bears witness to useless cruelty as his era was customary. So
he leaves Muslim clerics without experience of saber massacre atrociously
Templars and Hospitallers captured after the battle of Hattin ... And when,
young officer, he seizes power in Cairo, he strikes with great rigor the
Christians and Jews of Egypt. The intolerance he manifests on this occasion
does not prevent him from keeping the Jewish scholar Maimonides among his
advisers.
Posterity
and chronicles, both Arab and Frankish, will draw from the Sultan the somewhat
overrated image of a pious knight, respectful of the rules of war and his
enemies.
The
Arab world again disunited
In
Saladin, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty (after his father's name), succeeds his
brother, Melik el-Adil, the friend of the King of England Richard Lionheart.
The latter has a moment considered to give him his sister Jeanne in marriage so
that together, in tolerance, they govern the Holy Land! But this utopian project
aborted in the bud.
Sultan
Melik al-Adil died of sorrow on August 27, 1218, when the Crusaders occupied
Damietta and threatened to seize Egypt. After his death, his kingdom is divided
between his two sons, Melik el-Kâmil, to whom Egypt returns, and Melik
el-Mouazzam, to whom Syria returns. This is the end of the unity of the Arab
world and the work of Saladin ...
Saladin
still alive
In
the middle of the 20th century, Raïs Nasser will attempt to restore the unity
of the Arab world by bringing his country, Egypt, closer to Syria within an
ephemeral United Arab Republic. On this occasion is exalted and magnified the
memory of Saladin (*). The sultan becomes a model for the Arab nationalists at
war with Israel and the West as well as with the propagandists of the holy war.
موضوع انجليزي عن الماء للصف الثامن فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص جاهز باللغة الانجليزية انشاء موضوع انجليزي عن ابدا قصير كيفية كتابة موضوع تعبير باللغة الانجليزية توجيهي قواعد كتابة تعبير بالانجليزي طريقة سهلة لكتابة تعبير بالانجليزي
موضوع تعبير انجليزي يصلح لكل المواضيع كتابة تعبير بالانجليزي عن نفسك وصف تعبير انجليزي
يصلح لكل المواضيع موضوع انشاء شامل لكل المواضيع موضوع يصلح لجميع المواضيع موضوع
تعبير انجليزي جاهز برجراف ينفع لاى موضوع
موضوع انجليزي عن الماء قصير وسهل فوائد بالانجليزي عبارات بالانجليزي طويل اهمية مترجم ثالث ثانوي اول ثاني
ثانوي متوسط خمس سبع ثمان تسع اربع جمل كلمات كلام مقال علمي مقدمة بحث انجليزي حلول
اسباب حل مشكلة طويل شعر وصف قدوتي في الحياه انشودة نشيد كلام جميل حالات واتساب
موضوع عن صلاح الدين الايوبي بالانجليزي
معلومات عن صلاح الدين الايوبي للصف الخامس الابتدائي
معلومات عن صلاح الدين الايوبي مولده ووفاته ابرز
صفاته واهم انجازاته
اعمال صلاح الدين الايوبي بالانجليزي
salah aldeen al
ayoubi
موضوع قصير عن صلاح الدين الايوبي
قلعة صلاح الدين بالانجليزي
salah al din a true
hero
معلومات بسيطة عن صلاح الدين الايوبي للاطفال.
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