تعبير انجليزي عن حشرة النمل

تعبير انجليزي عن حشرة النمل

موضوع عن النمل بالانجليزي

اسم النمله بالانجليزي

كلمه نمل بالانجليزي

ترجمة ant

كلمه ant

معلومات عن النمل

تعبير انجليزي عن حشرة مفيدة

موضوع عن الحشرات بالانجليزي

معلومات عن الحشرات بالانجليزي

موضوع عن النمل بالانجليزي

برزنتيشن انجليزي جاهز 

كلمة ant

ترجمة و معنى نملة بالإنجليزي

أسرار عالم النمل

عجائب النمل وفوائده

موضوع عن النمل قصير

وضوع عن النمل

موضوع تعبير عن النمل للصف الرابع

تعبير عن النمل للسنة الرابعة ابتدائي

معلومات عن النمل للاطفال

حياة النمل

اين يعيش النمل

معلومات غريبه عن النمل

انواع النمل

غذاء النمل

بحث عن النمل

 موضوع عن الحشرات

معلومات عن الحشرات النافعة والضارة

بحث عن الحشرات

مقدمة عن الحشرات

معلومات عن الحشرات للاطفال

معلومات عن الحشرات الضارة

موضوع تعبير عن الحشرات

بحث قصير عن الحشرات واشباهها

معلومات عن الحشرات المنزلية

The ants constitute the family of the Formicidae and, together with the wasps and the bees, are classified in the order of the hymenoptera, suborder of the Apocrites. These insects form colonies, called ant-hills, sometimes extremely complex, containing from a few tens to several million individuals. Some species form super colonies with several hundred million individuals. Termites, sometimes called white ants for their formal and behavioral resemblance, are of the order Dictyoptera (suborder isoptera) but are not close relatives.

Ants' societies have a division of labor (polythesis of age and caste), communication between individuals and an ability to solve complex problems. These analogies with human societies have long been a source of inspiration and the subject of scientific studies.

In 2013, more than 12,000 species have been listed1,2 but there are probably still thousands to discover. A cosmopolitan family (it has colonized all terrestrial regions except Greenland and Antarctica), it reaches a high density in tropical and etotropical environments3. Although ants represent less than one percent of insect species, the mass of the myrmecafa4 exceeds the weight of humanity, and this mass combined with that of termites accounts for one third of the animal biomass of the Amazonian forest5

Relations of cooperation and predation

Aphids secrete a sweetened liquid called honeydew, which some ants feed on. The ants keep the predators of the aphids away and transport them to the best sites for food. Some species of aphids feeding on the roots of plants are even received within the anthill.

• A singular behavior was observed in a hundred passerines: forming (en) or bath of ants. The active method consists in taking ants in their beaks, raising a wing, which they rest on the tail turned to the side, and rapidly rubbing the ants against the internal face of the extremities of the primary feathers, so that they impregnate with acid formic, mixed with their own saliva, which would eliminate the many parasites colonizing the plumage43. The passive or indirect method consists in letting the ants climb all over their bodies, in particular by rolling in an ant-hill, and intentionally inciting them to throw a jet of formic acid.

• Relations with caterpillars and Lycaenidae, butterflies, are more complex, ranging from cooperation to parasitism. Thus, like the aphids, the caterpillars duthécla of the Yeuse and the azure of the cytises produce a honeydew which incite the ants to protect it. The larvae of the azure of the croisette and the azure of the wetlands are transported in the ant hills where the caterpillars pursue their development protected by their hostesses. In contrast, several species of the genus Phengaris are myrmecophagous. They secrete a substance that attracts ants of the genus Myrmica and cause them to regard them as larvae. They are then taken to the anthill where they devour larvae and nymphs45.

• Many myrmecophile plants use a symbiotic structure, domatia, which is a nesting site for ant colonies.

Resistance

Ants naturally produce, in particular to protect their eggs and cultures, fungi, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, virucids and a battery of complex molecules whose functions are not all known. They are among the pioneer species and show remarkable earth-moving, colonization and ecological resilience, and even resistance to radioactivity