موضوع عن القاهرة بالانجليزي

موضوع عن القاهرة بالانجليزي

القاهرة بالانجليزى

معلومات عن مدينة القاهرة مع الصور

paragraph about cairo

مصر القاهرة بنات

cairo city

مساحة القاهرة الكبرى بالكيلومتر

القاهرة نقاط الاهتمام

لماذا سميت القاهرة بهذا الاسم

 تعبير انجليزي عن خمس اسطر

القاهرة بالانجليزي

كيف تكتب القاهرة بالانجليزي

معنى كلمة cairo بالعربي

معنى cairo

ترجمة كلمة cairo

مصر بالانجليزى

كيف تكتب كلمة مصر بالانجليزية

موضوع عن القاهرة بالانجليزي

اصل كلمة كايرو

عاصمة مصر بالانجليزي

Cairo, the metropolis of an Arab country

Located on the banks of the Nile, just before the river delta, Cairo is the capital of Egypt. With sixteen million inhabitants, it is also the first agglomeration of the African continent and the Arab world.

How is it organized? How is it characteristic of the metropolises of poor countries?

I. The explosion of cities

• More than half of people in poor countries live in the countryside. Yet cities are experiencing unparalleled growth. Recent (it started in the fifties), it is also extremely strong. Driven by poverty or natural calamities (drought, floods), the farmers leave their village in the hope of living better in the city. This massive rural exodus is accompanied by significant natural growth (due to a high birth rate): cities are growing in a disproportionate way.

• Cairo's population grew from 3.3 million in 1960 to 6.9 million in 1970, then to 16.2 million today (11th in the world). It is still experiencing natural growth a little under 2% and thus has an additional 300,000 inhabitants each year. How can a city, let alone a city in a poor country, still accommodate nearly a thousand more people every day? How to house these new inhabitants and give them work?

II. An overpopulated capital

1. A crowded center

• The old center east of the Nile has very high population densities, up to more than 3,000 inhabitants per hectare. Few remains of the medieval city deeply transformed by the urban explosion. The winding streets welcome the shopping activities, in the shops and on the sidewalks: these are the souks.

• A modern business district builds its office towers near the Nile. Nearby, the old center was deserted by the well-to-do people (who mainly settled in Heliopolis): the new, poorer inhabitants are huddling together, occupying all available spaces. The terraces of the buildings gradually become real dwellings. The roofs are occupied by families, sometimes even by small farms (pigeons, hens or sheep) or garbage. One or two floors are thus added to buildings, often very old, which are not always strong enough to support such installations: some collapse under this weight.

2. Expansion costs

• The city has expanded to include surrounding villages. It occupies the valley of the Nile in all its width and has gained the desert plateaus, in the east and in the west. The great pyramids of Cheops, Khephren and Mykerinos that dominate the Giza plateau to the west are now part of the suburbs of the city: residential buildings, not the desert, now surround these pyramids.

• At the gates of Cairo, there are cemeteries dating from the Middle Ages. In the eighties, they were colonized by poor families. They used the empty spaces between the tombs to build first small shelters and then real houses. The city authorities have established water points and power lines: these cemeteries have become slums. Nearly one million people live in the City of the Dead.

III. Serious development problems

• The central districts are poorly served by public transport, despite the introduction of a metro whose first line connects since 1987 the industrial zone to the south to the northern neighborhoods. The center is congested by gigantic traffic jams and suffers from significant pollution (which adds to the sand dust raised by the wind).

The city now encroaches on the valuable agricultural lands of the Nile Valley. Each year, thousands of hectares of cultivated land disappear. To curb this disordered growth, the government has built new cities in the desert to welcome newcomers. The massive rural exodus fueled by overcrowded campaigns is the main cause of Cairo's explosive growth. Its inhabitants often have to settle for shanty towns and small trades.

Population and aspects of the city

The agglomeration of Cairo has nearly 18 million inhabitants. The inhabitants are called Cairotes. They represent more than a quarter of the Egyptian population.

In the second half of the twentieth century the city expanded considerably, the population was quadrupled. The extension has been at the expense of the good agricultural lands of the Delta and the Nile Valley. To master urban expansion, new cities were created in the desert surroundings of the city; they are occupied by the middle classes and the well-to-do social classes of Cairo society.

Cairo is the economic, political and cultural center of Egypt.

Near the Nile is clustered the modern-looking business district. Large towers are home to hotels, Egyptian government central offices, bank offices and foreign companies.

The historic center of the city is at the foot of the hills on the right bank of the Nile. It is dominated by the citadel. The ocher color of these districts contrasts with the color of the districts of the modern city. Residential buildings are elevated by often illegal constructions on the roof terraces of buildings. It is mostly inhabited by a poor population.

The city develops by welcoming the Egyptians driven from the countryside by the rural exodus. For them, the capital is hoping to find work (almost half of the jobs in the Egyptian private sector are concentrated there). Space being reduced, makeshift constructions were built even in the cemeteries (like that of the City of the Dead). Slums whose occupants live in deplorable hygienic conditions are extremely extensive, particularly in the eastern part of the city.

The urban concentration creates important problems in the car traffic but also pollution.