تعبير تقرير برجراف فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص
جاهز باللغة الانجليزية انشاء عبارات سهل بسيط
قطعة معلومات عامة شاملة بسيطة مبسط نبذة عن الاقتصاد السكان جمل عن بلادي كلمة رحلة
مقال جمهورية دولة حول تكاليف المعيشه السياحة
للطلاب عرض للصف السادس للصف الاول للصف الثاني للصف الثالث للصف الرابع للصف الخامس
للصف السادس للصف السابع للصف الثامن للصف التاسع للصف العاشر ابتدائي جمل
سهل وقصير معالم موقع تقرير عن تراث بالانجليزي ابي موضوع ابراج خمس جمل قديما أبرز المناطق السياحية مختصر حول الحياة والعادات
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الوجهات العرب المسافرون نقاط الاهتمام مساحة تحدث جغرافية جغرافيا عبارات شعر قصيدة مؤثر كلام قصير مترجم بالعربي شكل عام موضوع مؤثر كيف تكتب بالانجليزي اللغات الرسمية ديانة اسماء مدن
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India
The areas of competence of this site are: Afghanistan, Bangladesh,
Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
With 1.3 billion inhabitants estimated in 2016, India is the second
most populous country in the world after China. According to the IMF, India's
GDP was $ 2,073 billion in fiscal year 2015-16, making it the seventh largest
economy in the world, between France and Italy. With GDP measured in purchasing
power parity, however, India ranks third in the world, after the United States
and China; According to a recent PwC study, it could exceed the United States
by 2040. GDP per capita, for its part, is estimated at $ 1,581 over the same
period and ranks India in 140th position over a period of sample of 184
countries.
Despite the context of a slowing global economy, India's economic
fundamentals have improved significantly since 2014. Thus, GDP growth stood at
7.9% in fiscal year 2015-16 (7 , 2% over the previous period) thanks mainly to
the dynamism of domestic consumption. It is driven, in structural terms, by the
services sector, whose added value grew by 9.8% over the year. Private
investment, burdened by the reversal of the credit cycle and the
underutilization of industrial capacity and the accumulation of non-performing
loans in the banking sector, remains sluggish.
Long considered a factor of instability, inflation has been under
control for two years and stood at 4.9% in 2015-16. After rising to 1.4% in
2014-15, the current account deficit continued to shrink to represent 1.1% of
GDP in FY 2015-16. If the external accounts remain well oriented, the sharp
decline in exports (-15.7% yoy) can thus be highlighted and is mainly explained
by the fall in the world price of hydrocarbons, of which India is one of the
main global importers. Content at 3.9% in 2015-16, the lowest level since
2007-08, the central government budget deficit should be reduced this year to 3.5%
of GDP and 3.2% in 2017-18. This consolidation is based on a reduction in
capital expenditures, while operating expenses are expected to increase
significantly due to the strong pay rises in the public sector.
The arrival of Narendra Modi as Prime Minister in 2014 has resulted
in a return of investor confidence and a clear desire to reform the economy.
The decision to remove from circulation the two main denominations (500 and
1,000 rupees, ie 86% of the notes in circulation) on November 8, 2016, with the
announced objective of fighting against black money and digitizing the Indian
economy, perfectly illustrates this intention and appears as a quasi-historical
measure. Negative in the short term, the economic consequences of
demonetization remain difficult to assess in the longer term and will largely
depend on the speed of remonetisation of the Indian economy.
India could become the third economic power in the world by 2030.
Its strengths are many and distinguish it from its Chinese neighbor: sharp
decline in the dependency ratio due to a favorable demographic dynamics, very
large class of private entrepreneurs and entrenched values of democracy and the rule of law. Given
these encouraging prospects, India is capturing a growing share of global
foreign investment flows. In 2015, net inward FDI increased by 27.8% to $ 44.2
billion in net terms, making India the tenth largest recipient of foreign
investment globally. Many physical and regulatory bottlenecks, however, persist
and make access to the Indian market difficult despite the government's
willingness to gradually open new sectors to foreign investors. The World
Bank's latest Doing Business report ranks India 130th in a sample of 190
economies and highlights the persistence of a significant lag in indicators
such as contract enforcement and tax payments ( 172nd rank) or obtaining
building permits (185th).
The Indian economy also remains characterized by worrisome social
economic indicators that weigh on long-term growth. In addition to the
weaknesses of primary or secondary education (more than 30% of the adult
population is still illiterate), the low employability of graduates, high
infant mortality, India faces widespread poverty (about 60% of the population
was still living on less than $ 3.1 a day in 2011). The richest regions are,
from a development point of view, comparable to those in Southeast Asia, while
the poorest regions have similar characteristics to sub-Saharan Africa.
Inequalities are also strong between social classes, between gender and between
urban and rural areas (pay gap of nearly 45%). The country remains largely
rural (two thirds of the population) and agricultural (at least 50% of
employment and 16% of value added), even if urbanization and industrialization
are progressing rapidly. The predominant share of informal work, according to
the ILO, is more than 90% of total employment (and more than 80% of
non-agricultural employment). The need for infrastructure remains colossal and
would cost, according to the World Bank, between one and two points of
potential growth each year.
Trade between France and India is unbalanced to the detriment of
France, although highly volatile from one year to the next: since 2000, the
trade balance of France vis-à-vis India has always negative, except in 2006 and
2007 due to significant aeronautical exports. In fiscal year 2015-16, the
French commercial disbursement widened, mainly caused by a contraction of
exports (-15.5% to 3.7 billion dollars) higher than that of imports (-6.5% in $
4.6 billion according to Indian figures). It amounted to $ 903 million in
2015-16 compared to $ 541 million last year. France finally appears as the
fifth or sixth G20 investor in India with 1.5% of the stock according to the
Central Bank and equity flows of $ 5.1 billion, or 1.8% of the total, over the
period 2000 -2016.
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