تعبير عن قناة السويس بالانجليزي

تعبير تقرير برجراف فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص جاهز عن

تعبير بالانجليزي عن. تقرير جاهز  برجراف عن مكان مشهور

تعبير عن قناة السويس بالانجليزي وصف مكان دولة مصر

the suez canal

موضوع عن قناة السويس كتابة براجراف بالانجليزي

معلومات عن قناة السويس الجديدة براجراف مشروع قناة السويس

Suez Canal

موضوع تعبير عن قناة السويس ما اهمية قناة السويس

 موضوع تعبير عن قناة السويس الجديدة بالعناصر والافكار واهميتها

موضوع عن قناة السويس موضوع عن قناة السويس القديمة

اهمية قناة السويس لمصر والعالم بحث عن قناة السويس قديما وحديثا

قناة السويس الجديدة معلومات عن قناة السويس الجديدة معلومات عن قناة السويس الجديدة والقديمة طول قناة السويس الجديدة عرض قناة السويس

Suez Canal

When one speaks of the Suez Canal, one immediately thinks of this impressive long 163 km work that connects the cities of Port Said and Suez in Egypt, and therefore at the same time the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. A colossal project therefore, which draws its history in the past ...

Although its construction is contemporary, history tells us that Pharaoh Sesostris III (about 2000 BC) had also planned to connect the waters between them. Thus, he would have had a canal connecting the Nile and the Red Sea. Since then, this predecessor of the Suez Canal has been destroyed, abandoned and rebuilt, before being totally abandoned in the eighth century by an Arab caliph.

It was not until the nineteenth century that the idea of ​​a channel resurfaced. It is then the Saint-Simoniens who have the idea of ​​the project. In 1833, Prosper Enfantin, a French engineer and economist, proposed to the viceroy of the time, Mehemet Ali, the project. But this one does not retain his intention. This does not discourage the Saint-Simonians who continue their work on the canal. Their belief in the viability of their project is such that they founded in 1846 a study company for the canal. They manage to convince Ferdinand de Lesseps, a diplomat and French entrepreneur, to make the project a reality. Between 1859 and 1869, his company digs the canal. At the time, Egypt had only 44% of the shares of the project, the other owners being some 20,000 French. Although the Suez Canal was inaugurated on November 17, 1869, a first ship borrowed it on February 17, 1867.

In debt, Egypt is quickly reselling its shares in the United Kingdom, which wants to secure a route to India. Thus, in 1882, English troops landed in Egypt to protect the canal and took advantage of it to put the country under their protectorate. In 1888, the convention of Constantinople decrees that the channel is neutral, which means that at any time (war, peace ...) it can function. Eager to have a hand always larger, the English manage to move the French away from the project.

In 1956, in order to finance the construction of the Aswan Dam, Nasser nationalized the canal. Episode that will not be without creating some tensions because of the strategic nature of the place. France, Israel and the United Kingdom (which have significant interests in the canal) unite against Egypt and launch the Suez operation. But their action is quickly condemned by the United Nations, which recognizes the Egyptian legitimacy. Then in 1967, the Canal is once again the seat of a conflict. Israel defeats the Egyptian army in what it considers to be a pre-emptive strike (Six-Day War). The canal is then closed, UN troops are then responsible for maintaining peace. It will resume its activity only in 1975.

Today, the channel is subject to many concerns and questions. First of all from an environmental point of view, the ecological cut created by the canal scares some scientists. In addition, the transfer of water has allowed species and parasites to come into contact while they have been separated for millions of years. What consequences will ensue? ... But it is true that the construction of the Suez Canal has made the Aswan Dam, which gives millions of Egyptians a regular supply of water and electricity, viable. The economic leap that has also allowed the channel to propel Egypt to the forefront of the global trading scene is immense. It is not negligible to point out that the canal is the third largest source of foreign exchange in Egypt. The rallying of the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea has, it is true, made an opening between the East and the West fruitful, but the attraction that has aroused the channel in the past and still today, worries Egyptians. Both for the risks of terrorist attacks that this strategic place can arouse than for the ecological dangers (and economic for the fishermen) of a maritime traffic still difficult to control.

It is true that the Suez Canal has many advantages, it allows among others to avoid having to bypass Africa by the Cape of Good Hope to go from Europe to Asia, but it included to lay in the hands of God, and to reshape the earth and the waters at his own convenience. The debate is launched, just as it was with his twin, the Panama Canal.