ملخص عن ابن الهيثم بالانجليزي

تعبير برجراف مقال  نبذة سيرة انشاء تقرير موضوع برزنتيشن فقرة

،بحث كامل نبذة عن العالم قصة حياة معلومات بالانجليزي من هو مؤلفات انجازات فلسفة بحث جاهز باللغة الانجليزية علماء عرب .. أبرز كتب ومؤلفات The story

بحث نشأة وحياته  علوم العلوم الفلكية  علم الأحياء  علم النبات  الفلسفة ومترجم موضوع انجليزي عن عالم مشهور موضوع انجليزي عن العالم  معلومات مختصرة موضوع تعبير عن شخص مشهور بالانجليزي قصير تعبير عن قدوتي  معلومة عن مختصرة

الكتب انجازات وفاة  مسيرته حياته علمه تلامذته باختصار مترجم العالم

أبو علي الحسن بن الحسن بن الهيثم (354 هـ/965م-430 هـ/1040م) عالم موسوعي مسلم قدم إسهامات كبيرة في الرياضيات والبصريات والفيزياء وعلم الفلك والهندسة وطب العيون والفلسفة العلمية والإدراك البصري سيرته أعماله كتاب المناظر نظرية الرؤية المنهج العلمي مسألة ابن الهيثم أعمال فيزيائية أخرى الأبحاث البصرية الفيزياء الفلكية أعماله في علم الفلك معلومات عن ابن الهيثم بالانجليزي من هو ابن هيثم انجازات ابن الهيثم ابن الهيثم تعليمه وتحصيله العلمي بحث عن الحسن بن الهيثم كامل ابن الهيثم الكتب وفاة ابن الهيثم ibn al haytham inventions

Ibn al-Haytham (965 - 1038) (Alhazen)

Biography

Ibn al-Haytham is one of the greatest scientists in optics, mathematics, natural sciences, medicine and philosophy, having greatly contributed to their development.

Known by the West as "Alhazen", he is Abu Ali al-Hassan Ibn al-Hassan ibn al-Haytham, born in Basra where he studied. When the Fatimid Caliph, al-Hakem bi Amrillah, learned that Ibn al-Haytham had a method to regularize the annual floods of the Nile, he invited him to Egypt and charged him with the mission to control the flow of the Nile face to floods. Having failed in this task, he simulated madness and did not return to his normal state until the death of the Caliph. He began to transcribe the works of his predecessors in mathematics and the natural sciences, as well as to elaborate studies in various subjects.

Scientific contributions

Western historians are unanimous about the importance of Ibn al-Haytham in the development of optics. In his book "Inheritance of Islam", Arnold writes, in this respect: "The optics reached its peak with the appearance of Ibn al-Haytham", 1 while Sarton says, for its part: "Ibn al-Haytham is the greatest scholar that Islam has known in the natural sciences, or even the greatest scientist in the natural sciences of the Middle Ages, and among the few famous scientists in optics of all time, besides being also a learned astronomer, a mathematician and a doctor ". The Encyclopedia Britannica calls him a pioneer of optical sciences after Ptolemy.3

Ibn al-Haytham is the first to state that the convex lens enlarges objects. He is also the first to define the composition of the eye, to illustrate its constituents and to give them the names that Westerners have translated into their respective languages, names that are still in use today, such as Retina, Cornea , Vitreous humor and Aqueous humor. He left, moreover, theses on the enlargement of the lenses which allowed the development of the lenses of correction of the eyes.

His research has led to the conclusion that the vision proceeds from the projection to the eye of the rays of a body that cross the eye. The image is then drawn on the retina, which transmits it to the brain through the optic nerve where the vision of the body concerned is formed. This discovery by Ibn al-Haytham invalidated the Greek theory of Euclid and Ptolemy according to which the vision comes from the projection of a ray of light from the eye to the visible body. Al-Haytham has also researched light, color and refraction in experiments for measuring diffraction and refraction angles.5 Some researchers see him as the pioneer of light science.

Ibn al-Haytham was also an outstanding mathematician. He applied geometry, equations and numbers to solving astronomical problems. He also worked on the resolution of cubic equations and formulated exact laws for the areas of the sphere, the pyramid, the oblique cylinder, the rotary sector, and the circular segment.

Ibn al-Haytham was interested in astronomy on which he wrote some books and made a number of observations. His new method of determining the pole's altitude is one of his major contributions. He has, in fact, elaborated a theory on the motion of planets whose influence is still perceptible today, and we can see, in the suburbs of Vienna a table, made in Germany in 1428, with a diagram of movement of the planets according to the theory of Ibn al-Haytham. He also discovered that all celestial bodies, including fixed stars, emit rays, except for the moon that draws its sunlight.