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When the missing animals reappear

Animal species are declared extinct after several decades of unsuccessful research. But it is insufficient to ensure their definitive extinction: it was thought that the Crossopterygians had disappeared 56 million years ago, until a fish of this species was drafted in 1938. And his case is not isolated.
A venomous "mammal"

In general, mammalian bites are not venomous. One of the rare exceptions is solenodon, a nocturnal animal that resembles a rat with a very pronounced nose. During the hunt, he bites his victims (usually insects) to inject a portion of saliva with neurotoxins.


50 million years ago, solenodons lived throughout North America. Nowadays, only Haiti and Cuba remain, which is why they are called "living fossils".

mammoth
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Cuban solenodons were about to be recognized as extinct because they had not been seen in the wild since the end of the 19th century. But in 1975, several specimens were seen.
The next meetings took place in 2003 and, after targeted research, in 2012. The specialists then took DNA samples from these animals to discover their exact position in the evolutionary tree.

The last representative of the Australian megafauna

In 1932, the last marsupial wolf (thylacine) of the planet died of old age. Since then, this representative of the Australian megafauna who reigned at the time of mammoths is considered extinct.

Thylacine
CC0 / PUBLIC DOMAIN / BAKER; E.J. KELLER. / REPORT OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 1904 FROM THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION ARCHIVES.
Thylacine
Several sensational encounters with this animal have been reported, but researchers do not recognize the veracity of this information. In 2016-2017, a video was broadcast on the internet claiming that it was a marsupial wolf in the Australian forest (where it disappeared nearly 2,000 years ago), but it was too fuzzy to see with certainty a thylacine.

Modeling experts estimate that the animal was able to live in this area until 1956, but then died because its population was too small.

But enthusiasts and ecologists still hope to find his trace.

"In places little studied, it is quite possible. Animals know how to adapt to changing conditions. Many of them are intelligent enough to avoid hiding by hiding in remote and hard-to-reach areas. For the confirmation of the existence of a species, it is sometimes enough to see not only a living specimen, but even traces, droppings or other signs of activity ", explains Alexei Zimenko, Director General of the Protection Center Wild nature.

The expert reminds that it is strictly forbidden to catch potentially extinct and rare animals, as this could accelerate their extinction. The specialists only record in photo or video the observed species or traces of its activity. All of this helps to develop the right measures to preserve it.

The case of Latimeria

"The claim that an animal has disappeared requires the complete absence of true data of its existence in any form on earth for at least thirty years. But such information can only be obtained from special studies that are often unorganized because of their complexity or risk, "says Zimenko.

He cites the example of the Capsian tiger, which inhabited Central Asia, Transcaucasia and neighboring regions. The last representatives of the species were seen in the USSR in the early 1970s. The animal is considered extinct since 2003.

However, the Caspian tiger could still reside on the territory of Afghanistan, where research is difficult, believes Alexei Zimenko.

"At least, in 1985, zoologists saw a tigress with cubs at the Afghan border. In this case it is premature to consider the species extinct. And it's counterproductive in terms of its preservation, "says the expert.

Save rare animals by cloning them?
But sometimes an extinct hope is mysteriously found in nature. The best-known example is that of the Latimeria Crossopterygians. Paleontologists claimed that this fish disappeared 65 million years ago with dinosaurs. But in 1938, a specimen was fished in a river in South Africa. And another 20 years later.
The ivory-billed woodpecker residing in America


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