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The American-Egyptian researcher Ahmed Zewail, Nobel laureate in chemistry in 1999, died Tuesday at the age of 70 in the United States where he taught, announced the Egyptian presidency.
His discoveries on fundamental molecular processes have made it possible, in particular, through their applications to chemistry, biology and pharmacology, to progress in the field of health.
Mr. Zewail was born in Egypt in 1947, but also had American nationality, settled in the United States since his graduate studies. He taught chemistry and physics at the Californian Institute of Technology (CalTech), where, since 1990, he had headed the Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Center for Multidisciplinary Research.
He had received the Nobel Prize in 1999 for having succeeded in photographing, using an extremely fast laser, the atoms of a moving molecule during a chemical reaction. To do this, he had used a new unit: the femtosecond.
"Egypt has lost one of its loyal sons and a brilliant scholar," Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi said in a statement Tuesday evening.
Ahmed Zewail's remains must be repatriated to Egypt.
He had completed his secondary education and part of his higher education in Egypt, obtaining his first degree and then a master's degree in spectroscopy at the University of Alexandria. In the United States, he received his doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania in 1973, before completing his postdoctoral fellowship at Berkeley and joining CalTech in 1976.
His Nobel Prize in chemistry specifically rewarded his studies on the transient stages of chemical reactions by ultrafast laser spectroscopy, which had made it possible to observe the movement of the atoms of molecules during the primordial elementary acts of chemical reactions.
Doctor honoris causa
The studies of elemental chemical reactivity at scales of the order of femtoseconds, which Zewail masterfully helped to develop, now constitute what is commonly referred to as femtochemistry.
Through his discoveries, Ahmed Zewail has opened up new perspectives in chemistry, biology and pharmacology for the development of more efficient and more selective chemical and biochemical reactions, with the consequences that this implies for both chemical synthesis and for human health.
Egypt had made him an honorary doctorate from the University of Alexandria and in 1999 awarded him its highest distinction: the Order of the Great Necklace of the Nile. He was also an honorary doctor from several universities in the United States, Great Britain (Oxford), Switzerland (Lausanne), Belgium (Louvain, Liège), Australia (Swinburne), Canada (New Brunswick) and Italy (La Sapienza).
He was also a member of numerous academies including the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Art and Sciences, the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
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