موضوع عن العادات والتقاليد في سوريا بالانجليزي
موضوع عن العادات والتقاليد في مصر بالانجليزي
موضوع عن العادات والتقاليد في الأردن بالانجليزي
تعبير بالانجليزي عن العادات والتقاليد في اليمن
العادات والتقاليد في الأردن
العادات والتقاليد بالانجليزي
تعبير عن العادات بالانجليزي
تعبير عن التراث بالانجليزي
تعبير عن عادات الزواج في السعودية بالانجليزي
CULTURE AND HERITAGE OF SYRIA
When people talk about the destruction of heritage, they first think of large monuments being burnt or destroyed in ruins. Yet these monuments are people who, and it is with people, that all heritage discussions must begin and end. Heritage is built by, and used and reused by. Heritage is also much more than built structures; it is about the incorporeal beliefs and practices associated with them, and the values attributed to them, as well as those which may have no material manifestation. Any consideration for destruction must include many expressions.
The importance of Syrian heritage
Syria is home to some of the oldest, most advanced civilizations in the world. The region saw our evolution - for example, in Latamne, which is between 800 - 500,000 years old, stone tools and perhaps even early hearths were identified - hundreds of thousands of years before modern humans were existed (120,000 years). 10,000 years ago, the first crops and livestock were domesticated: subsequent settlement gave rise to the first city of states, such as Ebla and Mari. Writing developed there, and the creation of literary epics, art, sculpture, and the expansion of commerce soon followed.
Located at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, the territory that would become modern Syria in the face of the rise of the great emerging southern empires of Ur, Bablyon, Assur, Akkad and Sumer. From the East came the Persians, Mongols, and Arabs; from the North, the Hittites; and from the West, the Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, and ultimately the crusading forces of the kings of Europe. Nomadic tribes, known from the Christian Bible, as the Canaanites and Aramaeans, came, conquered, and settled. Syria was eventually absorbed into the Ottoman Empire, handed over to French control after World War I, and finally gained independence after World War II.
Religion
Religion, too, left its mark. Abraham, father of the Jewish nation, grazed sheep on Aleppo Hill and gave the city its Arabic name - Halab. The Christian story of Saul's conversion to Paul the Apostle occurred in Damascus, and as of 2010 Mass was still being held in the house he reputedly lived in for nearly 2,000 years. The head of St. John the Baptist, cousin of Jesus, is said to be inscribed in the Great Mosque of Damascus. The Maloula village is among the last places in the world where Aramaic, the language spoken in Jesus' day, can still be heard - part of his life, breathing, oral history. Khalid ibn al-Walid, companion of the Prophet Muhammad, founder of Islam, is buried in Homs in his mosque of the same name. Muhammad's successors left a legacy of beautiful mosques: several are now World Heritage sites.
Diversity
The result of this meeting of states, empires and religions is complex and unique, found nowhere else in the world. The Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, for example, was originally a temple to Jupiter, which was converted into a Christian basilica of John the Baptist, and in turn became what some consider the fourth holiest in the Islam- (Knock 2002, 5). Salahdin, the enemy of King Richard the Lionheart, is buried here, as history has continued to leave its ever-changing imprint. Over the past thirty years, UNESCO has declared six sites in Syria to be of Outstanding Universal Value, including the ancient city of Damascus, and added them to the World Heritage List: more are under consideration preliminary.
Built from this rich and diverse history, The people of Syria have a reputation for tolerance and kindness. But now that story, and the peace built upon it, is more threatened than ever, and cultural heritage is in the crosshairs.
(From: “The Ways of Life”: Syria's Past in an Uncertain Future by Emma Cunliffe)
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