معلومات عن القنفذ بالانجليزي

معلومات بحث موضوع تعبير فقرة تقرير  برزنتيشن

بحث عن حيوان القنفذ الشوكي بالانجليزي صفات للاطفال

ماذا يغطي جسم اجزاء ماذا يغطي جسم القنفذ  معلومات عن القنفذ بالانجليزي

قنفذ بري حبشي أوروبي قزم أفريقي ماذا يأكل القنفذ  النباتات والثمار اين يعيش القنفذ

قنفذ البحر اضرار القنفذ  ترجمة و معنى قنفذ بالإنجليزي تعريف بحيوان القنفذ

القنفذ (بالإنجليزية: Hedgehog) قنفذ هو حيوان شائك من الثدييات فصيلة قنفذيات

شط صيفا فهو ينام شتاء ويستيقظ في ربيع ويعتاش على أكل الحشرات يأكل الديدان

القنفذ أو الدعلج Hedgehog حيوان صغير من الثدييات بحث متعلقة بـ بحث القنفذ

حيوان القنفذ ماذا ياكل اضرار القنفذ على الانسان تربية القنفذ سام شوك القنفذ

فوائد القنفذ 

THE EUROPEAN HEDGE

Physical description

The hedgehog is a small mammal of the family Erinaceaidae. There are several species. The common hedgehog is the European hedgehog also known as the European hedgehog.

The hedgehog is the only mammal in Europe to have quills on its back. The adult hedgehog has between 5,000 and 7,500. These quills, hollow and light, measure between 2 and 3 cm in length. They are virtually indeformable and unbreakable and it is possible to suspend a hedgehog by one of its spines. The quills have a life of about 18 months and are renewed.

The rest of the hedgehog's body is covered with long, stiff, brown hairs, but not enough to protect the hedgehog against extreme cold.

This mammal has 4 legs and a small conical tail of 2 to 3 cm. His muzzle is sharp and he has 36 teeth. Its short ears measure between 2 and 3 cm and are partly hidden by the hairs.

The hedgehog measures between 22 and 32 cm from head to tail and between 12 and 15 cm in height. Its weight varies according to the seasons, the abundance of food, the age and the health of the individual. It usually weighs between 450 and 700 g but can reach 2.2 kg as winter approaches.

In case of danger or if touched, the hedgehog immobilises and rolls into a ball, bristling its quills. If the threat becomes clearer, he leans his head forward, protects his head and paws and continues to monitor what is happening. He can stay in this position for hours without any fatigue. If we turn it over, he then returns his head very quickly.

His place of life

The common hedgehog is found throughout Europe and has also been introduced in New Zealand. He lives on the edge of the forest, in meadows lined with hedges, in parks or gardens. He spends his day sleeping in a cottage with leaves, in a tree or under a bush. He does not go out in broad daylight and looks for food at night.

In winter, the hedgehog hibernates. At the beginning of autumn, he looks for a place sheltered by a tree or brambles, or digs a burrow. He prepares his nest with grass, dead leaves and twigs. At the moment of hibernation, the hedgehog rolls into a ball and falls asleep deep sleep interspersed with brief awakenings.

When sleeping, it burns about 2 g of reserve fat every day. When his reserve of fat is exhausted, not to die, the hedgehog must resume a normal life and find food, even if it is cold.

His diet

The hedgehog is traditionally classified in the order of insectivores. However, it is an omnivore that feeds on insects, worms, snails, slugs, fruits, berries, mushrooms, broken eggs and nestlings. It even attacks snakes, lizards, rodents and amphibians.

He has a very low sight but his hearing is fine and his sense of smell very developed. It can detect food up to 3 cm in the ground and can hear an earthworm slip under dead leaves.

His reproduction

The mating season begins at the end of the hibernation period and lasts until September. After a gestation of 5 to 6 weeks, the hedgehog calves between 4 and 7 small hedgehogs, sometimes twice a year.

At birth, the baby hedgehog is blind and weighs between 10 and 25 g. His skin is swollen and without spines. In a few hours, his back is covered with a hundred white thorns, soft and not pungent. Little by little, these white thorns will fall and brown quills will appear until the age of four weeks when the young hedgehog will have 3,000 brown quills and a single white one.

At the age of 3 weeks, the young hedgehogs accompany their mother on a nocturnal walk to learn to recognize the prey they will feed on later. For 1 or 2 weeks, their mother continues to nurse them in their nest. Then, they start to go out alone and at the age of 2 months, they become independent.

The family disperses and, a month after the separation, the mother does not recognize her own little ones anymore when she crosses them in her way.

The mortality rate of young hedgehogs is very important and on 5 pups, only one or two will reach the age of one year.

His life expectancy

The normal lifespan of the hedgehog is 7 to 10 years. But currently, a hedgehog has a life expectancy of less than 2 years. Indeed, many threats weigh on the life of the hedgehog: the road and cars that kill about 10,000 hedgehogs a year in France, pesticides that poison his food or make it disappear, parasites such as fleas and ticks, diseases infectious, drowning in pools and litter that can suffocate. Without forgetting of course its predators: the fox