أبو الوليد محمد بن
أحمد بن محمد بن أحمد بن أحمد
بن رشد (520 هـ- 595 هـ) يسميه الأوروبيون Averroesواشتهر باسم ابن رشد الحفيد تعرض ابن رشد في آخر
حياته لمحنة حيث اتهمه علماء الأندلس والمعارضون له بالكفر والإلحاد ثم أبعده أبو يوسف
يعقوب إلى مراكش وتوفي فيها (1198 م) نشأة ابن رشد تعليم ابن رشد
خدمة ابن رشد في البلاط فكر ابن رشد مؤلفات ابن رشد وفاة ابن رشد ابن رشد محمد وليد أحمد بن رشد الأندلسي البربري أبو الوليد
" الحفيد " (520- 595 هـ= 1126-1198م)، المعروف بابن رشد، عالم مسلم ولد
في قرطبة بالاندلس، أحد كبار الفلاسفة في الحضارة العربية الإسلامية.
وقد ترك للإنسانية مآثر علمية جليلة استفادت منها بلاد الغرب الكتب مؤلفات
ابن رشد انجازات ملحد فلسفة ابن رشد اقوال ابن رشد الحفيد الجد تعريف
بابن رشد ،معلومات عن أبو الوليد ،بحث
كامل عن ابن رشد نبذة عن العالم إبن رشد قصة حياة ابن رشد عقيدة
الإمام ابن رشد وما حقيقة خلافه مع الإمام أبي حامد الغزالي معلومات عن ابن رشد
بالانجليزي من هو ابن رشد ابن رشد الحفيد مؤلفات
ابن رشد انجازات ابن رشد فلسفة ابن رشد بحث
جاهز باللغة الانجليزية علماء عرب .. أبرز إنجازات ابن سينا كتب ومؤلفات
بحث نشأة وحياته علوم العلوم الفلكية علم الأحياء
علم النبات الفلسفة ومترجم موضوع انجليزي
عن عالم مشهور موضوع انجليزي عن العالم معلومات مختصرة موضوع تعبير عن شخص مشهور بالانجليزي
قصير تعبير عن قدوتي بن سينا
معلومة عن مختصرة
الكتب انجازات وفاة مسيرته حياته علمه تلامذته
Aristotle reinvented
BIOGRAPHY
Born in Córdoba, Spain in 1126, Averroès
was initiated very early by his father, cadi (judge) of the city, to
jurisprudence and theology. He then studied physics, medicine, astrology,
philosophy and mathematics.
His eventful life is shared between
Cordoba, Marrakech and Fez. An influential magistrate, he reformed the
administration of justice in Marrakech. He becomes the appointed physician of
influential princes, and thus escapes, thanks to his office, the troubles which
are due to his philosophical biases. He wrote a treatise on medicine (Colliget,
in Latin), which brought him notoriety.
But it is his comments on Aristotle that
will make him famous. He devotes his whole life to the work of the Greek
philosopher. He tries to find the original meaning by removing all the
interpretations made until then. He appropriates it with enough penetration and
power to build a system that bears his personal mark. It is to the question of
the origin of beings that he is most interested. According to him, Aristotle claims
that nothing comes from nothingness and that neither form nor matter is
created. The movement would be eternal and continuous: it is the doctrine of
the eternity of matter. He distinguishes in man the passive intellect and the
active intellect. This one would be beyond the individual: he would be
superior, anterior, external because it would be immortal. Immortality would be
an attribute of the species and not of the individual. This distinction leads
Averroes to radically separate reason and faith, the lights of Revelation being
accessible only to the active intellect; Thomas Aquinas, on the other hand,
will seek to reconcile them, basing theology as a rational science.
These philosophical doctrines will raise
passionate debates in the Christian world and will find almost as many
disciples as opponents. The tendency to separate reason and faith as belonging
to two distinct orders of truth might ruin the efforts of those who, on the
contrary, wished to reconcile, through Aristotle, secular knowledge and revealed
faith. The principles of Averroes considered dangerous will finally be
condemned by the Church in 1240, then in 1513. This is to say the considerable
influence of the Arab philosopher in the West, especially in medieval schools.
Condemned in his time by the Muslim
religion which reproaches him for distorting the precepts of the faith,
Averroes must flee, hide, live in hiding and poverty, until he is recalled to
Marrakech, where he dies, rehabilitated, in 1198.
PRIMARY WORKS
QUOTES
This point [about the soul] is so
difficult that if Aristotle had not spoken about it, it would have been very
difficult, perhaps impossible, to find out - unless there was another man like
him. Aristotle. For I believe that this man was [...] a model that nature invented
to show how far human perfection can go in these matters.
Human reason is incapable of grasping the
how of the operation by which celestial bodies emanate from the First
Principle, although it testifies to its existence.
The blind man turns away from the pit
where the clairvoyant lets himself fall.
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