العلماء المسلمين بالانجليزي

تعبير برجراف مقال  نبذة سيرة انشاء تقرير موضوع برزنتيشن فقرة

،بحث كامل نبذة عن العالم قصة حياة معلومات بالانجليزي من هو مؤلفات انجازات فلسفة بحث جاهز باللغة الانجليزية علماء عرب .. أبرز كتب ومؤلفات The story

بحث نشأة وحياته  علوم العلوم الفلكية  علم الأحياء  علم النبات  الفلسفة ومترجم موضوع انجليزي عن عالم مشهور موضوع انجليزي عن العالم  معلومات مختصرة موضوع تعبير عن شخص مشهور بالانجليزي قصير تعبير عن قدوتي  معلومة عن مختصرة

الكتب انجازات وفاة  مسيرته حياته علمه تلامذته باختصار مترجم العالم

جابر بن حيان بن عبد الله الأزدي عالم مسلم عربي

 جابر بن حيان  نشأة جابر بن حيان  دراسات جابر بن حيان  دراسة علم الكيمياء  دراسة علم الفلك  نبذة مختصرة عن جابر بن حيان جابر بن حيان أبو الكيمياء

بحث عن جابر بن حيان باللغه الانجليزيه

jabir ibn hayyan انجازات جابر بن حيان تاريخ وفاة جابر بن حيان جابر بن حيان اسمه نشاته انجازاته مولده تعليمه وفاته العلم الذي برع فيه جابر بن حيان جابر بن حيان the invention of verity مولد جابر بن حيان القاب جابر بن حيان

جابر بن حيان the invention of verity مولد جابر بن حيان التاريخ والمكان

انجازات العالم جابر بن حيان في الكيمياء تعليم جابر بن حيان وتحصيله العلمي

وفاة جابر بن حيان  اختراعات جابر بن حيان متى توفي جابر بن حيان

قائمة بعلماء مسلمين ونبذة عن تخصصاتهم قائمة من العلماء والباحثين من العالم الإسلامي

ترجمة و معنى علماء بالإنجليزي

 العلماء المسلمين بالانجليزي

برجراف عن العلماء بالانجليزي

موضوع عن عالم مشهور باللغة الانجليزية

علماء الادب الانجليزي

بحث عن عالم بالانجليزي

علماء اللغة الانجليزية

THESE MUSLIM SCIENTISTS OCCULT BY THE WEST

Who are these Scientists, whose names seem Latin: Albategnius, Algoriti, Alchindius, Avempace, Averroes, Avicenna, Geber, Rhases, Aboulcassis, Alpharabius, Azophi, Dreses ... ???

Here are some of those Muslim scientists from whom the West latinized their names to appropriate their discoveries.

Averroes or Ibn Rochd of Cordova (1126-1198) is a philosopher, Islamic rationalist theologian, lawyer, mathematician and Muslim doctor, Andalusian of Arabic language of the 12th century. He was born in Cordoba, Andalusia, died in Marrakech, Morocco. It is said Ibn Rochd but it is better known in the West under its Latinized name of Averroes. His work is recognized in Western Europe, of which he is, according to some, "one of the spiritual fathers" for his comments of Aristotle. Some even describe him as one of the founding fathers of secular thought in Western Europe.

Avempace or Ibn Baja is a philosopher, doctor, astronomer, geometer, musician and Andalusian poet, born in Zaragoza around 1085, and died poisoned in Fez around 1138 after a passage by Oran In the West, his Latinized name is Avempace. A universal spirit, musician, composer, poet, scientist and vizier, he wrote several books, such as the Letter of Farewell, the Epistle of the Conjunction of the Agent Intellect with Man and the Regime of the Solitary. He also composed popular songs and poems, and studied mathematics, astronomy, and botany.

Avicenna, or Ibn Sīnā, born in 980 in Afshéna, near Bukhara, (now in Uzbekistan) and died in 1037 in Hamadan, is a philosopher, writer, doctor and medieval Persian scientist. He was interested in many sciences, including astronomy, alchemy, chemistry and psychology. His disciples called him Sheikh el-Rais, prince of the learned, the greatest of the doctors, the Master par excellence.

Geber, or Jabir ibn Hayyan al-Bariqi al-Azdi (born around 721 in Tus in Iran - died in 815 in Kufa, Iraq), was a Muslim alchemist of Persian origin. In France, it is best known in the Latinized form of its name: Geber. He is considered the father of chemistry for being the first to practice alchemy in a scientific way. As a young man, Jabir was sent to Baghdad to study the Koran and mathematics. His work constituted significant advances both theoretically and experimentally. He is credited with a large number of now-existing chemical laboratory equipment and processes, as well as the discovery of chemicals such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, distillation and crystallization, which became the foundations of modern chemistry and chemical engineering.

Albategnius or Al-Battani (ca 855-923) was an astronomer and mathematician from southeastern Anatolia born in Harran, Turkey. It is sometimes referred to as the "Ptolemy of the Arabs".

Al-Battani worked in Syria, Ar-Raqqa and Damascus where he died. His major work, Kitāb az-Zīj al-Sabi (the "Book of Sabean Tables") has greatly influenced European astronomy. A lunar crater bears the name Albategnius in his honor.

In Astronomy: He corrected some calculations of Ptolemy and he produced new tables for the Sun and for the Moon, which have long been authoritative. He also dealt with the division of the celestial sphere. He discovered the movement of the apogee of the Sun, calculated the values ​​of the precession of the equinoxes (54,5 "per year) and the inclination of the terrestrial axis (23 ° 35 ').

In Mathematics: He introduced the use of the sinus in calculations, and in part that of the tangent, thus forming the basis of modern trigonometry.

He used al-Marwazi's ideas on tangents (or "shadows") to develop methods for calculating tangents and cotangentes, and he drew up some tables.

Alchindius, or Abu Yūsuf Ya'qūb ibn Isḥāq al-Kindī (801 to Kufa-873 in Baghdad) is considered one of the greatest Muslim philosophers. After studying in Basra and Baghdad, he benefited from the patronage of the three Abbasid mu'tazilite caliphs (including Al-Ma'mūn). Al-Kindi is a complete scholar in a wide variety of fields: philosophy, mathematics, medicine, music, physics, astronomy.

Algoriti, or Al-Khwarizmi, born in the 780s, originally from Khiva in the Khwarezm region that gave him his name, in present-day Uzbekistan, died around 850 in Baghdad, is a mathematician, geographer, astrologer and Persian astronomer , member of the Houses of Wisdom whose writings, written in Arabic, have allowed the introduction of algebra in Europe. His life was entirely in the era of the Abbasid dynasty.

His name is at the origin of the word "algorithm" (his name was Latinized in "Algoritmi") and the title of one of his works at the origin of the word "algebra". His contribution in mathematics was such that he is also nicknamed "the father of algebra". Indeed, he was the first to systematically identify equation solving methods by classifying these equations.

Rhases, or Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi, (865-925) is a Persian multidisciplinary scholar who has contributed immensely to the fields of medicine, alchemy and philosophy. Alchemist turned doctor, he would have isolated sulfuric acid and ethanol which he initiated medical use. With regard to medical practice, he vigorously defended the scientific approach in diagnosis and therapy and greatly influenced the design of the hospital organization in connection with the training of future doctors.

Alpharabius or Fârâbî of his full name Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Tarkhan ibn Uzalagh al-Fârâbî is a medieval Persian philosopher. Born in 872 in Wâsij (present-day Kazakhstan), or in Faryab (now Afghanistan), he died in Damascus, Syria in 950. He deepened all the sciences and all the arts of his time, and is called the Second Teacher of the intelligence.

Aboulcassis, or Abu Al-Qasim born c. 940 - died in Cordoba in 1013) is one of the greatest surgeons in the Muslim world, considered the founding father of modern surgery. Abu Al-Qasim was a doctor at the court of Caliph Al-Hakam II. He devoted his entire life to the advancement of medicine, especially surgery. His great work, Al-Tasrif (The Practice) is a medical encyclopedia of thirty volumes that takes stock of medical knowledge of his time and confronts his personal experience.

The influence Abu Al-Qasim extends in the West over more than five centuries: Al-Tasrif is translated into Latin in the 12th century and becomes the medical reference. In the 14th century, French surgeon Guy de Chauliac referred to Al-Tasrif more than two hundred times. Pietro Argallata portrays Al-Qasim as "without a shadow of a doubt the king of surgeons". During the Renaissance, his work is still quoted, especially by the French surgeon Jacques Daléchamps.

Azophi, or Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi (903 to 986) is a Persian astronomer. He is at the origin of several improvements of the stellar catalog of Ptolemy. He discovered the Large Magellanic Cloud, visible in Yemen but not in Isfahan: the first European to be able to contemplate it was Magellan during his journey in the 16th century. He seems to be the first to have observed the Andromeda Galaxy M31.

He calculated more precisely the duration of the tropical year. He observed and described the stars, their position, their apparent magnitude, their color, traveling through the constellation sky constellation. For each of them, he drew two sketches: the constellation seen from outside the celestial globe, then the same view from inside the celestial globe, as it can be observed from the surface of the Earth. Al Sufi found many innovative uses of the astrolabe. The crater Azophi on the Moon bears his name.

Dreses, or Al Idrissi Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Ibn Idriss al-Qurtubi al-Hassani, is a geographer and botanist, born in Sebta, the present Ceuta, circa 1100. He grew up in Cordoba under the Almoravid Empire, and died around 1165 in Sicily.

Al-Idrisi supported the theory of the sphericity of the Earth and although his maps are disc-shaped, he explained that the disc symbolized only the way of the world: "The earth is round like a sphere, and the water stays there and stays there through the natural balance that does not undergo change. " As he suggested by his observations, al-Idrisi thinks that the world is round, not being the only one to insist on this fact: contrary to the misconception that everyone believed until Columbus, that the Earth was flat.